安装要求：
我是虚拟机装的Centos7，linux 3.10 内核，docker官方说至少3.8以上，建议3.10以上（ubuntu下要linux内核3.8以上， RHEL/Centos 的内核修补过， centos6.5的版本就可以——这个可以试试）
注：内核在3.10.0-693以下版本不管是使用yum还是使用rpm都不能使用overlay2存储模式，不过使用direct-lvm模式可以使用3.10.0-229.el7.x86_64系统安装，下面安装模式使用的是overlay2模式。
YUM安装方式
1、查看一下内核版本
# uname -a Linux linux-server.shared 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
官方建议是使用内核4.*版本才可以使用dockeroverlay2存储模式，这里使用的是3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64没有升级内核也可以使用overlay2模式。
2、更新yum源
# yum update
注：为啥更新yum源
3、安装必要的包
# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
4、设置yum源
# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo 阿里云的 # yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
5、查看一下Docker中所有仓库的版本，然后根据自己的需求选择特定的版本。
# yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
6、安装自己选择的docker
# yum install -y docker-ce-17.12.1.ce
7、配置Docker overlay2存储驱动并启动
# mkdir /etc/docker
# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"storage-driver": "overlay2",
"storage-opts": ["overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"]
}
注：配置设置的是overlay2的模式，如果使用overlay模式，只需要把overlay2改成overlay即可。
8、启动自己安装的docker，并加入开机自动启动中
# systemctl start docker # systemctl enable docker Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
9、验证自己安装中的版本
#docker version Client: Version: 17.12.1-ce API version: 1.35 Go version: go1.9.4 Git commit: 7390fc6 Built: Tue Feb 27 22:15:20 2018 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Server: Engine: Version: 17.12.1-ce API version: 1.35 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.9.4 Git commit: 7390fc6 Built: Tue Feb 27 22:17:54 2018 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false
10、查看docker相信信息
# docker info Containers: 0 Running: 0 Paused: 0 Stopped: 0 Images: 0 Server Version: 17.12.1-ce Storage Driver: overlay2 #overlay2模式 Backing Filesystem: xfs Supports d_type: true Native Overlay Diff: true Logging Driver: json-file Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs Plugins: Volume: local Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file logentries splunk syslog Swarm: inactive Runtimes: runc Default Runtime: runc Init Binary: docker-init containerd version: 9b55aab90508bd389d7654c4baf173a981477d55 runc version: 9f9c96235cc97674e935002fc3d78361b696a69e init version: 949e6fa Security Options: seccomp Profile: default Kernel Version: 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) OSType: linux Architecture: x86_64 CPUs: 2 Total Memory: 1.791GiB Name: centos-linux-7.shared ID: AE3L:OX4X:XO4H:TTZV:UTKI:O7RR:AZ6O:Y6Q5:OCFM:KXYO:3C5U:G3UG Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker Debug Mode (client): false Debug Mode (server): false Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/ Labels: Experimental: false Insecure Registries: 127.0.0.0/8 Live Restore Enabled: false
RPM安装方式
1、更新yum源
# yum -y update
2、启用ELREPO仓库，
# rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org # rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm Retrieving http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm Retrieving http://elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-4.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:elrepo-release-7.0-4.el7.elrepo ################################# [100%]
3、安装最新版的4.x内核
# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" list available Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * elrepo-kernel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn elrepo-kernel | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 elrepo-kernel/primary_db | 1.8 MB 00:00:02 Available Packages kernel-lt.x86_64 4.4.189-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel kernel-lt-devel.x86_64 4.4.189-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel kernel-lt-doc.noarch 4.4.189-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel kernel-lt-headers.x86_64 4.4.189-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel kernel-lt-tools.x86_64 4.4.189-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel kernel-lt-tools-libs.x86_64 4.4.189-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel kernel-lt-tools-libs-devel.x86_64 4.4.189-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel kernel-ml.x86_64 5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel kernel-ml-devel.x86_64 5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel kernel-ml-doc.noarch 5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel kernel-ml-headers.x86_64 5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel kernel-ml-tools.x86_64 5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel kernel-ml-tools-libs.x86_64 5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel kernel-ml-tools-libs-devel.x86_64 5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel perf.x86_64 5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel python-perf.x86_64 5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo
目前我这最高版本的是5.x版本的，如果选择4.x版本的把kernel-ml改成kernel-lt即可。使用4.x的可以，下面使用5.x的版本。
# yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml
4、设置grub2
查看系统上所有的可用内核
#awk -F\' '$1=="menuentry " {print i++ " : " $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
0 : CentOS Linux (5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
1 : CentOS Linux (3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
2 : CentOS Linux (0-rescue-121c0b3e3b657c4c8d627ffaa061a0be) 7 (Core)
设置5.x kernel为默认启动，“0”为上面AWK命令的结果
#grub2-set-default 0
生成grub配置文件并启动
#grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.img
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64.img
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-0-rescue-121c0b3e3b657c4c8d627ffaa061a0be
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-0-rescue-121c0b3e3b657c4c8d627ffaa061a0be.img
done
如果系统盘不是XFS格式需要添加一个盘，关机添加一个盘，因为我的系统是XFS格式，所以模拟一下。
5、创建XFS文件下系统
# fdisk /dev/sdb #先给添加的盘做分区
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xae8285bb.
The device presents a logical sector size that is smaller than
the physical sector size. Aligning to a physical sector (or optimal
I/O) size boundary is recommended, or performance may be impacted.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-62914559, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-62914559, default 62914559):
Using default value 62914559
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 30 GiB is set
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
创建PV
# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
创建VG
# vgextend centos /dev/sdb1
Volume group "centos" successfully extended
# lvcreate -L 5G -n lv_docker centos
Logical volume "lv_docker" created.
# mkfs.xfs -n ftype=1 /dev/mapper/centos-lv_docker
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-lv_docker isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=327680 blks
= sectsz=4096 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=1310720, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=4096 sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
# mkdir /usr/lib/docker
# mount /dev/mapper/centos-lv_docker /usr/lib/docker
6、安装Docker-CE
# yum install -y container-selinux libtool-ltdl libseccomp yum-plugin-ovl yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 # wget https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/Packages/docker-ce-17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm # rpm -ivh docker-ce-17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm warning: docker-ce-17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID 621e9f35: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:docker-ce-17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos################################# [100%]
7、配置Docker overlay2存储驱动并启动
# mkdir /etc/docker # systemctl daemon-reload # systemctl start docker # docker info Containers: 0 Running: 0 Paused: 0 Stopped: 0 Images: 0 Server Version: 17.12.1-ce Storage Driver: overlay2 Backing Filesystem: xfs Supports d_type: true Native Overlay Diff: true Logging Driver: json-file Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs Plugins: Volume: local Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file logentries splunk syslog Swarm: inactive Runtimes: runc Default Runtime: runc Init Binary: docker-init containerd version: 9b55aab90508bd389d7654c4baf173a981477d55 runc version: 9f9c96235cc97674e935002fc3d78361b696a69e init version: 949e6fa Security Options: seccomp Profile: default Kernel Version: 5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) OSType: linux Architecture: x86_64 CPUs: 2 Total Memory: 1.94GiB Name: centos-linux-7.shared ID: DMUC:PEVS:R57X:LKO3:LRFA:TQ7K:GNVA:KWLX:XU3U:2T2U:TPHM:4XD5 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker #默认存储路径 Debug Mode (client): false Debug Mode (server): false Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/ Labels: Experimental: false Insecure Registries: 127.0.0.0/8 Live Restore Enabled: false WARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled
8、修改默认存储路径
# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service .............. ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --graph /usr/lib/docker .............. # systemctl daemon-reload # systemctl restart docker # docker info Containers: 0 Running: 0 Paused: 0 Stopped: 0 Images: 0 Server Version: 17.12.1-ce Storage Driver: overlay2 Backing Filesystem: xfs Supports d_type: true Native Overlay Diff: true Logging Driver: json-file Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs Plugins: Volume: local Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file logentries splunk syslog Swarm: inactive Runtimes: runc Default Runtime: runc Init Binary: docker-init containerd version: 9b55aab90508bd389d7654c4baf173a981477d55 runc version: 9f9c96235cc97674e935002fc3d78361b696a69e init version: 949e6fa Security Options: seccomp Profile: default Kernel Version: 5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) OSType: linux Architecture: x86_64 CPUs: 2 Total Memory: 1.94GiB Name: centos-linux-7.shared ID: DMUC:PEVS:R57X:LKO3:LRFA:TQ7K:GNVA:KWLX:XU3U:2T2U:TPHM:4XD5 Docker Root Dir: /usr/lib/docker #已经修改了存储路径 Debug Mode (client): false Debug Mode (server): false Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/ Labels: Experimental: false Insecure Registries: 127.0.0.0/8 Live Restore Enabled: false WARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled
9、解决WARNING问题
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf .................. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 .................. # sysctl -p net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 # docker info Containers: 0 Running: 0 Paused: 0 Stopped: 0 Images: 0 Server Version: 17.12.1-ce Storage Driver: overlay2 Backing Filesystem: xfs Supports d_type: true Native Overlay Diff: true Logging Driver: json-file Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs Plugins: Volume: local Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file logentries splunk syslog Swarm: inactive Runtimes: runc Default Runtime: runc Init Binary: docker-init containerd version: 9b55aab90508bd389d7654c4baf173a981477d55 runc version: 9f9c96235cc97674e935002fc3d78361b696a69e init version: 949e6fa Security Options: seccomp Profile: default Kernel Version: 5.2.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) OSType: linux Architecture: x86_64 CPUs: 2 Total Memory: 1.94GiB Name: centos-linux-7.shared ID: DMUC:PEVS:R57X:LKO3:LRFA:TQ7K:GNVA:KWLX:XU3U:2T2U:TPHM:4XD5 Docker Root Dir: /usr/lib/docker Debug Mode (client): false Debug Mode (server): false Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/ Labels: Experimental: false Insecure Registries: 127.0.0.0/8 Live Restore Enabled: false
docker的基本命令扩展
docker ps 查看当前正在运行的容器 docker ps -a 查看所有容器的状态 docker start/stop id/name 启动/停止某个容器 docker attach id 进入某个容器(使用exit退出后容器也跟着停止运行) docker exec -ti id 启动一个伪终端以交互式的方式进入某个容器（使用exit退出后容器不停止运行） docker images 查看本地镜像 docker rm id/name 删除某个容器 docker rmi id/name 删除某个镜像 docker run --name test -ti ubuntu /bin/bash 复制ubuntu容器并且重命名为test且运行，然后以伪终端交互式方式进入容器，运行bash docker build -t soar/centos:7.1 . 通过当前目录下的Dockerfile创建一个名为soar/centos:7.1的镜像 docker run -d -p 2222:22 --name test soar/centos:7.1 以镜像soar/centos:7.1创建名为test的容器，并以后台模式运行，并做端口映射到宿主机2222端口，P参数重启容器宿主机端口会发生改变
卸载Docker
yum remove docker docker-common docker-selinux docker-engine
Docker删除容器与镜像(不建议使用，使用要注意)
1.停止所有的container，这样才能够删除其中的images：
docker stop $(docker ps -a -q) docker kill $(docker ps -a -q)
如果想要删除所有container的话再加一个指令：
docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)
查看当前有些什么images
docker images
删除images，通过image的id来指定删除谁
docker rmi <image id>
想要删除untagged images，也就是那些id为的image的话可以用
docker rmi $(docker images | grep "^<none>" | awk "{print $3}")
要删除全部image的话
docker rmi $(docker images -q)
强制删除全部image的话
docker rmi -f $(docker images -q)
在安装过程中遇到的问题以及解决方法：
1、因为之前已经安装过旧版本的docker，在安装的时候报错如下：
Transaction check error: file /usr/bin/docker from install of docker-ce-17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64 conflicts with file from package docker-common-2:1.12.6-68.gitec8512b.el7.centos.x86_64 file /usr/bin/docker-containerd from install of docker-ce-17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64 conflicts with file from package docker-common-2:1.12.6-68.gitec8512b.el7.centos.x86_64 file /usr/bin/docker-containerd-shim from install of docker-ce-17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64 conflicts with file from package docker-common-2:1.12.6-68.gitec8512b.el7.centos.x86_64 file /usr/bin/dockerd from install of docker-ce-17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64 conflicts with file from package docker-common-2:1.12.6-68.gitec8512b.el7.centos.x86_64
卸载旧版本、 $ sudo yum erase docker-common-2:1.12.6-68.gitec8512b.el7.centos.x86_64
然后再再次安装
$ sudo yum install docker-ce
2、docker启动报错信息 在使用systemctl start docker启动失败时，使用systemctl status docker.service 报错信息：
[root@wulaoer ~]# systemctl status docker.service
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled;
vendor preset: disabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Wed 2018-07-25 00:24:56
EDT; 2min 4s ago
Docs: http://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 2600 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Jul 25 00:24:54 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Docker...
Jul 25 00:24:54 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[2600]: time...
Jul 25 00:24:54 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[2600]: time...
Jul 25 00:24:55 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[2600]: time...
Jul 25 00:24:56 localhost.localdomain dockerd-current[2600]: Erro...
Jul 25 00:24:56 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: docker.service:...
Jul 25 00:24:56 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start...
Jul 25 00:24:56 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit docker.ser...
Jul 25 00:24:56 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: docker.service ...
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
在vi /etc/sysconfig/docker中把–selinux-enabled后增加=false，然后重启
查资料得知：这里是linux的内核中的SELinux不支持 overlay2 graph driver ，解决方法有两个，要么启动一个新内核，要么就在docker里禁用selinux，–selinux-enabled=false
至此，Docker的基本安装已经基本完成，可以尝试一下自己安装操作一下，wulaoer.org********
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